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ISSN : 1225-1577(Print)
ISSN : 2384-0900(Online)

The Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Vol.45 No.4 pp.121-125
DOI : https://doi.org/10.17779/KAOMP.2021.45.4.002

A Study on the Incidence of Lip-Oral-Pharyngeal Cancer in Koreans

Hyun-Seon Jang*

^* Correspondence: Hyun-Seon Jang, Dept. of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University. Tel: +82-62-230-6879 Email: periojang@chosun.ac.kr

Received June 10, 2021 Review June 18, 2021 Accepted August 13, 2021

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine how the incidence of oral cancer has changed over the past few years. Material and Method: In this study, the number of total cancers and lip-oral-pharyngeal cancers by year was compared using public big data from the National Cancer Center. The incidence rate of lip-oral cavity-pharyngeal cancer from 2000 to 2015 was analyzed. Results: In 2000, there were 101,772 cases of all cancers in all men and women. In 2015, there were 202,266 cancer cases in both men and women. In 2000, there were 2,183 cases of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancers for both men and women. In 2015, lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer were 3337 in both men and women. Conclusions: It is possible that oral cancer also increased along with the increase in total cancer, and it is thought that we should focus on preventing cancer in the future.

Key Words : Big data , Oral cancer , Squamous cell carcinoma

한국인에서 입술-구강-인두암의 발생 동향에 관한 연구

장 현선*

조선대학교 치과대학 구강병리학교실

초록

키워드 :

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Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION

Cancer occupies an important role in the oral and maxillofacial domain, and the sooner the prevention and early diagnosis of oral cancer are made, the better the prognosis. The stage of oral cancer progression and mortality differ according to different anatomical sites (1). Oral cancer accounts for 3% of cancers in men and 2% of cancers in women, and squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy in the oral cavity, accounting for about 90% of all oral cancers (2).

Squamous cell carcinoma occurs at various sites. It occurs in various areas such as the lips, oral mucosa, tongue, and buccal mucosa. The most vulnerable site for oral cancer is the lower lip. The incidence of oral cancer is highest in the lower lip, followed by the lateral and ventral surfaces of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, soft palate, gingiva/alveolar ridge, and buccal mucosa (2).

It was reported that the prognosis and survival rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma did not improve for more than 20 years (3). Early detection and early treatment of oral cancer are very important. It is thought that it will be helpful for the diagnosis, treatment, and research of oral cancer in the future if we can comprehensively understand the incidence of total cancer and lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer in Koreans using big data over several years. The purpose of this study is to identify the trends in the incidence of oral cancer in Koreans over several years.

Ⅱ. SUBJECTS AND METHODS

Using the public big data of the National Cancer Center, the total number of cancers and the number of cancers of the lips, oral cavity, and pharynx in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 were identified. The overall cancer incidence and the incidence of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancers were also compared. We analyzed the incidence of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer in 2005, 2010 and 2015 compared to 2000. In this study, the incidence of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer was analyzed by gender.

The number of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancers obtained from big data is as follows (Table 1.).

Ⅲ. RESULTS

The study results are as follows. In 2000, there were 101,772 cases of all cancers in all men and women. The number of cases of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer was 2183 for both men and women. As of 2015, the total number of cancer cases for both men and women was 216,542. The number of cases of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer was 3337 for both men and women.

Figure 1 shows the results of comparing the number of total cancers and lip-oral-pharyngeal cancers in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. Figure 2 shows the number of cases of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, and shows the change in the incidence of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer in 2005, 2010, and 2015 compared to 2000. Compared with 2000, the incidence of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer increased by about 2.6% in 2005, 28.4% in 2010, and 52% in 2015. Figure 3 shows the number of cases of lip-oral- pharyngeal cancer in men and women in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015.

Ⅳ. DISCUSSION

Among various diseases, cancer is the most common cause of death in Koreans(4). Recently, statistical studies on the incidence, survival, morbidity, and mortality rates of cancers occurring in various organs of the human body have been reported.(5,6) Hong(5) reported big data research on the prevalence of various cancers in the human body.

Horowitz(6) reported the need for systematic education update on oral cancer prevention and early detection in a study on oral pharyngeal cancer prevention and early detection. However, research on big data on oral cancer is insufficient. In this study, using long-term big data, the trend of cancer occurrence in the lip-oral-pharynx was analyzed.

When analyzing the incidence of total cancer and lip-oral- pharyngeal cancer in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, the number of cases continued to increase. It is thought that oral cancer also increased with the increase of total cancer. The number of cases of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer in this study was 2183 in 2000 and 3337 in 2015. The incidence increased by 52% over the 15-year period. In 2000, the number of cases of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer was 707 in women and 1476 in men, with a higher incidence in men. In 2015, there were 926 cases in women and 2411 cases in men, which was more common in men than women (Fig. 4, 5). When comparing the number of cases of lip-oral- pharyngeal cancer between 2000 and 2015 by gender, it occurred more in men than in women.

Xu(7) reports that web-based data are useful for monitoring cancer incidence and mortality. Su(8) reported that the risk for hypopharyngeal and esophageal (SPC-HE) cancer was higher in patients with cancers of the oropharynx, floor of the mouth, and palate compared with early cancers of the lips through mass screening data.

Hung(9) reported on the development of an oral cancer survival prediction tool using big data, and said that the most important factors for predicting the survival period of oral cancer were age at diagnosis, primary cancer site, tumor size, and year of diagnosis. Hung(9) reported that individuals with tumors, particularly those diagnosed in modern times, tend to have longer survival rates than those diagnosed in the past, noting the importance of cancer prevention and public education. For the prevention of oral cancer and good prognosis of cancer through early diagnosis, research using big data is considered to be actively needed.

In conclusion, the incidence of total cancer and lip-oral- pharyngeal cancer increased in Koreans. Considering that the incidence of general oral cancer increases with age, it is thought to be related to the increase in the incidence of cancer in general due to aging.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This study was supported by research funds from Chosun University, 2018.

Figure

Fig. 1.

This chart shows cases of total cancer and lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015.

Fig. 2.

This chart shows the number of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. It also shows the change in the incidence of lip- oral-pharyngeal cancer in 2005, 2010, and 2015 compared to 2000.

Fig. 3.

This chart shows the number and standard deviation of cases of lip-oral-pharyngeal cancer in women and men in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. F: female, M: male.

Table

Table 1.

Number of cancer cases in total or lip-oral-pharynx by year on a 5-year cycle

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